Definition of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

• A complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) caused by absolute or relative insulin
  deficiency.
• It is diagnosed based on:
  • Hyperglycemia >11 mm or known diabetes
  • Ketonemia >3 mm or ketonuria >2+
  • Acidosis pH <7.3 and/or bicarbonate <15 mm
• Mostly occurs in patients with type 1 DM. However, it occur in patients with type 2
• DM, although they are much more likely to suffer with the related condition hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS).

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